Nk’uko amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ishyirahamwe ry’abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka mu ntangiriro za Kanama, ibice 13 by’itsinda ryiswe “Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki byo kubaka sitasiyo zihuriweho n’amashanyarazi aciriritse n’amakamyo aremereye hamwe n’ibinyabiziga bihindura amashanyarazi” byarangiye none birakinguye ku mugaragaro. igitekerezo.
Mu mpera z'igice cya mbere cy'uyu mwaka, umubare w'imodoka nshya z'ingufu mu Bushinwa zari zirenga miliyoni 10.Gusimbuza amashanyarazi byabaye inzira nshya yo kuzuza ingufu mu nganda nshya z’imodoka.Dukurikije gahunda nshya yo guteza imbere inganda z’ingufu z’ingufu (2021-2035), kubaka ibikorwa byo kwishyuza amashanyarazi n’ibikorwa remezo byo gusimbuza bizihutishwa, kandi hazashyirwaho uburyo bwo guhinduranya amashanyarazi.Nyuma yiterambere ryimyaka yashize, bite byerekeranye no gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwo guhinduranya amashanyarazi?Abanyamakuru ba "Xinhua viewpoint" batangiye iperereza.
Guhitamo B cyangwa C?
Umunyamakuru yasanze imiterere y'ubu uburyo bwo gusimbuza amashanyarazi inganda zigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu, icyiciro cya mbere ni BAIC, NIO, Geely, GAC n'ibindi bigo by'imodoka, icyiciro cya kabiri ni Ningde Times hamwe n’abandi bakora amashanyarazi ya batiri, icyiciro cya gatatu ni Sinopec, ingufu za GCL, Ingufu nshya za Aodong nabandi bakora mugice cya gatatu.
Kubakinnyi bashya binjira muburyo bwo guhinduranya, ikibazo cya mbere kigomba gusubizwa ni: Abakoresha ubucuruzi (kuri B) cyangwa abakoresha kugiti cyabo (kuri C)?Kubijyanye na frequence na progaramu ya progaramu, ibigo bitandukanye bitanga amahitamo atandukanye.
Ku baguzi, inyungu igaragara yo guhinduranya ni uko ishobora kuzigama igihe cyo kuzuza ingufu.Niba uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho bwemewe, mubisanzwe bifata hafi igice cyisaha kugirango ushire bateri, nubwo yihuta, mugihe mubisanzwe bifata iminota mike yo guhindura bateri.
Muri NIO Shanghai Daning ikibanza gito cyo guhindura amashanyarazi mumujyi, umunyamakuru yabonye ko hejuru ya saa tatu zijoro, urujya n'uruza rwabakoresha baje guhindura amashanyarazi, buri mpinduka yimodoka itwara iminota itarenze 5.Nyir'imodoka, Bwana Mei, yagize ati: “Ubu impinduka z'amashanyarazi ni imikorere itagira abadereva, ndatwara cyane mu mujyi, mu gihe kirenga umwaka numva byoroshye.”
Mubyongeyeho, gukoresha imashini itandukanya amashanyarazi yimodoka yo kugurisha, ariko kandi kubakoresha kugiti cyabo kugirango babike umubare munini wibiciro byimodoka.Ku bijyanye na NIo, abayikoresha barashobora kwishyura 70.000 yu munsi ku modoka iyo bahisemo serivisi yo gukodesha bateri aho kuba ipaki isanzwe ya batiri, igura 980 ku kwezi.
Bamwe mu bakora inganda bemeza ko uburyo bwo guhinduranya amashanyarazi bukwiranye n’ubucuruzi, harimo tagisi hamwe n’amakamyo aremereye.Deng Zhongyuan, umuyobozi w'ikigo gishinzwe kwamamaza ikigo cya BAIC's Blue Valley Wisdom (Beijing) Energy Technology Co., LTD, yagize ati: “BAIC yashyize ahagaragara imodoka zigera ku 40.000 mu gihugu hose, cyane cyane ku isoko rya tagisi, naho abarenga 20.000 i Beijing honyine.Ugereranije n’imodoka zigenga, tagisi zigomba kuzuza ingufu kenshi.Niba bishyuzwa kabiri kumunsi, bakeneye kwigomwa amasaha abiri cyangwa atatu yo gukora.Muri icyo gihe, ikiguzi cyo kuzuza ingufu z’ibinyabiziga bisimbuza amashanyarazi ni kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibinyabiziga bya lisansi, muri rusange hafi 30 ku kilometero.Umubare munini w'abakoresha ubucuruzi nawo urafasha cyane kuri sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi kugarura igiciro cy'ishoramari ndetse no kugera ku nyungu. ”
Geely Auto na Lifan Technology bafatanije gutera inkunga ishyirwaho ryimodoka isimbuza imodoka ya Rui LAN, haba mubucuruzi ndetse nabakoresha kugiti cyabo.CAI Jianjun, visi perezida wa Automobile ya Ruilan, yavuze ko Automobile ya Ruilan ihitamo kugenda n'amaguru abiri, kuko hari n'impinduka muri ibi bintu byombi.Kurugero, mugihe abakoresha kugiti cyabo bitabira ibikorwa byo gutwara-ibinyabiziga, imodoka ifite ibiranga ubucuruzi.
Ati: "Ndizera ko mu 2025, imodoka esheshatu kuri 10 nshya z'amashanyarazi zagurishijwe zizaba zishyurwa kandi 40 kuri 10 zizaba zishyurwa.Ati: "Tuzashyiraho nibura imideli ibiri yishyurwa kandi ishobora guhindurwa buri mwaka kuva 2022 kugeza 2024 kugirango dukore matrike itandukanye kugirango duhuze ibyo abakoresha bakeneye."“CAI Jianjun yagize ati.
Ikiganiro: Nibyiza guhindura uburyo bwimbaraga?
Nk’uko Tianyancha abitangaza ngo guhera hagati muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka, mu Bushinwa hari inganda zirenga 1.780 zijyanye no kuzamuka no kumanuka kw'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, hejuru ya 60 ku ijana akaba yarashinzwe mu myaka itanu.
Shen Fei, visi perezida mukuru wa NIO Energy, yagize ati: “Gusimbuza amashanyarazi ni byo byegereye ubunararibonye bwo kuzuza vuba ibinyabiziga bya peteroli.Twahaye abakiriya serivisi zirenga miliyoni 10 zo gusimbuza amashanyarazi. ”
Inzira zikoranabuhanga zimodoka nshya zingufu zirakize kandi ziratandukanye.Niba inzira yikoranabuhanga yimodoka yagutse hamwe na selile ya hydrogène ikwiye kwamamazwa byakuruye ibiganiro imbere munganda no hanze yacyo, kandi uburyo bwo guhinduranya amashanyarazi nabwo ntibusanzwe.
Kugeza ubu, ibigo byinshi bishya bitanga ingufu bigamije umuvuduko ukabije wogukoresha amashanyarazi.Raporo y’abacuruzi bo mu Bushinwa yerekanye ko uburambe bw’ingufu zishyirwa hafi y’amavuta ya lisansi.Byizerwa ko hamwe no kuzamura ubushobozi bwubuzima bwa bateri, intambwe yubuhanga bwihuse bwo kwishyuza no kumenyekanisha ibikoresho byishyuza, ibintu byo gukoresha amashanyarazi bizahura n’imbogamizi, kandi inyungu nini yuburyo bwo guhinduranya amashanyarazi, "byihuse", bizaba bitagaragara.
Gong Min, ukuriye ubushakashatsi mu nganda z’imodoka mu Bushinwa muri UBS, yavuze ko guhinduranya amashanyarazi bisaba inganda gushora imari nyinshi mu iyubakwa, inshingano z’abakozi, kubungabunga no mu bindi bice by’amashanyarazi, kandi nk’inzira ya tekiniki y’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, ikeneye kugirango bigenzurwe neza nisoko.Ku isi hose, ahagana mu mwaka wa 2010, isosiyete yo muri Isiraheli yagerageje kunanirwa gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.
Icyakora, bamwe mu bari mu nganda bemeza ko usibye ibyiza byayo mu kuzuza ingufu, guhanahana amashanyarazi bishobora no kugenga umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, kandi sitasiyo yo guhanahana amashanyarazi ishobora guhinduka ishami rishinzwe kubika ingufu mu mijyi, ibyo bikaba bifasha mu gushyira mu bikorwa “kabiri karubone ”intego.
Inganda gakondo zitanga ingufu nazo zirashaka guhinduka no kuzamura intego ya "double carbone".Muri Mata 2021, Sinopec yasinyanye amasezerano y’ubufatanye na AITA New Energy na NIO hagamijwe guteza imbere kugabana umutungo no kunguka inyungu;Sinopec yatangaje gahunda yo kubaka sitasiyo 5000 yo kwishyuza no guhindura sitasiyo mugihe cyimyaka 14 yimyaka 5.Ku ya 20 Nyakanga uyu mwaka, Baijiawang Integrated Energy Station, sitasiyo ya mbere ihinduranya amakamyo aremereye ya SINOPEC, yashyizwe mu bikorwa i Yibin, mu Ntara ya Sichuan.
Li Yujun, umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga muri GCL Energy, yagize ati: “Biragoye kuvuga ko ari bwo buryo bwonyine bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga mu gihe kiri imbere, bwaba bwishyuza, buhindura amashanyarazi cyangwa imodoka za hydrogen.Ndatekereza ko moderi nyinshi zishobora kuzuzanya no gukina imbaraga zazo muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba. ”
Igisubizo: Ni ibihe bibazo bigomba gukemurwa kugirango biteze imbere amashanyarazi?
Imibare yatanzwe na Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho yerekana ko mu mpera za 2021, Ubushinwa bwari bumaze kubaka sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi 1.298, bukaba ari bwo buryo bunini bwo kwishyuza no guhinduranya isi.
Umunyamakuru yumva ko inkunga ya politiki yinganda zo guhana amashanyarazi ziyongera.Mu myaka yashize, iyobowe na komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n’izindi nzego, urwego rw’igihugu rw’umutekano w’ivunjisha ry’amashanyarazi na politiki y’inkunga y’ibanze rwagiye rukurikirana.
Muri icyo kiganiro, umunyamakuru yasanze ibigo by’imodoka byibanda ku iyubakwa ry’amashanyarazi ndetse n’inganda zitanga ingufu zagerageje gushyiraho ingufu z’amashanyarazi zavuze ibibazo byihutirwa bigomba gukemurwa mu guteza imbere ihererekanyabubasha.
- Ibigo bitandukanye bifite ibipimo bitandukanye bya batiri no guhindura ibipimo bya sitasiyo, bishobora kuganisha ku iyubakwa ryubatswe hamwe nubushobozi buke mukoresha.Abenshi mu babajijwe bemezaga ko iki kibazo ari inzitizi ikomeye mu iterambere ry’inganda.Basabye ko Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n’andi mashami abishoboye cyangwa amashyirahamwe y’inganda bagomba gufata iyambere mu guteza imbere ibipimo bihuriweho, kandi ko amahame abiri cyangwa atatu ashobora kugumana, hifashishijwe intera y’ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki.Chen Weifeng, umuyobozi mukuru wa Times Electric Service, ishami rya Ningde Times yagize ati: "Nkawe utanga bateri, twatangije bateri ya moderi ikwiranye na moderi zitandukanye, tugerageza kugera ku rwego rusange ku bijyanye n'ubunini bwa batiri ndetse n'imiterere."
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-09-2022
